remix - obtener AST legible desde el código c++

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Question

Con el fin de comprender mejor algunos de los detalles del lenguaje C ++ y la gramática, me encantaría poder escribir un pequeño programa en C ++ y ver el AST que genera un compilador a partir de eso.

Parece que Clang tenía esta característica en el pasado (-emit-asm), pero se ha eliminado.

¿Hay una manera fácil de hacer esto hoy?

Answer 1

Aquí hay dos ejemplos, uno simple y uno desagradable ( el "análisis más desconcertante" de C ++ ).

Un sencillo programa de Fibonacci de http://talkbinary.com/programming/c/fibonacci-in-c/ analizado como código C ++:

int fib(int n) {
if ( n == 0 || n == 1 )
return n;
int fib1 = 0;
int fib2 = 1;
int fib = 0;
for ( int i = 2; i < n; i++ )
{
fib = fib1 + fib2;
fib1 = fib2;
fib2 = fib;
}
return fib;
}

Nuestro kit de herramientas de reingeniería de software DMS ( con un completo analizador C ++ 11/17 ) produce el siguiente AST:

C:/DMS/Domains/Cpp/GCC4/Tools/Parser/Source>run ../DomainParser ++AST "C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp"
Cpp~GCC4 Domain Parser Version 2.5.15
Copyright (C) 1996-2013 Semantic Designs, Inc; All Rights Reserved; SD Confidential
Powered by DMS (R) Software Reengineering Toolkit
118 tree nodes in tree.
(translation_unit@Cpp~GCC4=2#4dc3a00^0 Line 1 Column 1 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
(function_definition@Cpp~GCC4=1615#4dc39e0^1#4dc3a00:1 Line 1 Column 1 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
(function_head@Cpp~GCC4=1627#4d89de0^1#4dc39e0:1 Line 1 Column 1 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
(simple_type_specifier@Cpp~GCC4=1109#4d89920^1#4d89de0:1 Line 1 Column 1 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
|(''int''@Cpp~GCC4=2760#4d898c0^1#4d89920:1[Keyword:0] Line 1 Column 1 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''int''
)simple_type_specifier
(noptr_declarator@Cpp~GCC4=1401#4d89a80^1#4d89de0:2 Line 1 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
|(IDENTIFIER@Cpp~GCC4=2645#4d89900^1#4d89a80:1[`fib''] Line 1 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)IDENTIFIER
|(''(''@Cpp~GCC4=2885#4d89ac0^1#4d89a80:2[Keyword:0] Line 1 Column 8 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''(''
|(parameter_declaration@Cpp~GCC4=1590#4d89e00^1#4d89a80:3 Line 1 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| (simple_type_specifier@Cpp~GCC4=1109#4d89b20^1#4d89e00:1 Line 1 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| (''int''@Cpp~GCC4=2760#4d89d60^1#4d89b20:1[Keyword:0] Line 1 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''int''
| )simple_type_specifier
| (IDENTIFIER@Cpp~GCC4=2645#4d89b00^1#4d89e00:2[`n''] Line 1 Column 13 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)IDENTIFIER
|)parameter_declaration
|('')''@Cpp~GCC4=2886#4d89bc0^1#4d89a80:4[Keyword:0] Line 1 Column 14 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)'')''
|(function_qualifiers@Cpp~GCC4=1417#4d89dc0^1#4d89a80:5 Line 1 Column 16 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)function_qualifiers
)noptr_declarator
)function_head
(compound_statement@Cpp~GCC4=872#4dc39c0^1#4dc39e0:2 Line 1 Column 16 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
(''{''@Cpp~GCC4=2938#4d89f20^1#4dc39c0:1[Keyword:0] Line 1 Column 16 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''{''
(statement_seq@Cpp~GCC4=876#4dc3060^1#4dc39c0:2 Line 2 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
|(statement_seq@Cpp~GCC4=876#4dc3920^1#4dc3060:1 Line 2 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| (statement_seq@Cpp~GCC4=876#4dc2880^1#4dc3920:1 Line 2 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| (statement_seq@Cpp~GCC4=876#4dc2700^1#4dc2880:1 Line 2 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| (statement_seq@Cpp~GCC4=876#4dc2640^1#4dc2700:1 Line 2 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| |(selection_statement@Cpp~GCC4=892#4dc25c0^1#4dc2640:1 Line 2 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | (''if''@Cpp~GCC4=2753#4d89f40^1#4dc25c0:1[Keyword:0] Line 2 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''if''
| | (''(''@Cpp~GCC4=2885#4d89f60^1#4dc25c0:2[Keyword:0] Line 2 Column 8 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''(''
| | (logical_or_expression@Cpp~GCC4=763#4dc2220^1#4dc25c0:3 Line 2 Column 10 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | (equality_expression@Cpp~GCC4=696#4d89fa0^1#4dc2220:1 Line 2 Column 10 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | (IDENTIFIER@Cpp~GCC4=2645#4d89d80^1#4d89fa0:1[`n''] Line 2 Column 10 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)IDENTIFIER
| | (''==''@Cpp~GCC4=2918#4d89da0^1#4d89fa0:2[Keyword:0] Line 2 Column 12 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''==''
| | (INT_LITERAL@Cpp~GCC4=2809#4d89fe0^1#4d89fa0:3[0] Line 2 Column 15 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)INT_LITERAL
| | )equality_expression
| | (''||''@Cpp~GCC4=2922#4d89f80^1#4dc2220:2[Keyword:0] Line 2 Column 17 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''||''
| | (equality_expression@Cpp~GCC4=696#4dc2200^1#4dc2220:3 Line 2 Column 20 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | (IDENTIFIER@Cpp~GCC4=2645#4dc2180^1#4dc2200:1[`n''] Line 2 Column 20 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)IDENTIFIER
| | (''==''@Cpp~GCC4=2918#4dc21a0^1#4dc2200:2[Keyword:0] Line 2 Column 22 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''==''
| | (INT_LITERAL@Cpp~GCC4=2809#4dc21c0^1#4dc2200:3[1] Line 2 Column 25 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)INT_LITERAL
| | )equality_expression
| | )logical_or_expression
| | ('')''@Cpp~GCC4=2886#4dc21e0^1#4dc25c0:4[Keyword:0] Line 2 Column 27 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)'')''
| | (jump_statement@Cpp~GCC4=983#4dc2440^1#4dc25c0:5 Line 3 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | (''return''@Cpp~GCC4=2778#4dc2340^1#4dc2440:1[Keyword:0] Line 3 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''return''
| | (IDENTIFIER@Cpp~GCC4=2645#4dc2360^1#4dc2440:2[`n''] Line 3 Column 16 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)IDENTIFIER
| | ('';''@Cpp~GCC4=2937#4dc2400^1#4dc2440:3[Keyword:0] Line 3 Column 17 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)'';''
| | )jump_statement
| |)selection_statement
| |(simple_declaration@Cpp~GCC4=1033#4dc2620^1#4dc2640:2 Line 5 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | (simple_type_specifier@Cpp~GCC4=1109#4dc23c0^1#4dc2620:1 Line 5 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | (''int''@Cpp~GCC4=2760#4dc2520^1#4dc23c0:1[Keyword:0] Line 5 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''int''
| | )simple_type_specifier
| | (init_declarator@Cpp~GCC4=1380#4dc23a0^1#4dc2620:2 Line 5 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | (IDENTIFIER@Cpp~GCC4=2645#4dc2460^1#4dc23a0:1[`fib1''] Line 5 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)IDENTIFIER
| | (initializer@Cpp~GCC4=1639#4dc2380^1#4dc23a0:2 Line 5 Column 14 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | (''=''@Cpp~GCC4=2893#4dc23e0^1#4dc2380:1[Keyword:0] Line 5 Column 14 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''=''
| | (INT_LITERAL@Cpp~GCC4=2809#4dc2680^1#4dc2380:2[0] Line 5 Column 16 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)INT_LITERAL
| | )initializer
| | )init_declarator
| | ('';''@Cpp~GCC4=2937#4dc26a0^1#4dc2620:3[Keyword:0] Line 5 Column 17 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)'';''
| |)simple_declaration
| )statement_seq
| (simple_declaration@Cpp~GCC4=1033#4dc25a0^1#4dc2700:2 Line 6 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| |(simple_type_specifier@Cpp~GCC4=1109#4dc26c0^1#4dc25a0:1 Line 6 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | (''int''@Cpp~GCC4=2760#4dc2600^1#4dc26c0:1[Keyword:0] Line 6 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''int''
| |)simple_type_specifier
| |(init_declarator@Cpp~GCC4=1380#4dc2560^1#4dc25a0:2 Line 6 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | (IDENTIFIER@Cpp~GCC4=2645#4dc2660^1#4dc2560:1[`fib2''] Line 6 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)IDENTIFIER
| | (initializer@Cpp~GCC4=1639#4dc2540^1#4dc2560:2 Line 6 Column 14 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | (''=''@Cpp~GCC4=2893#4dc26e0^1#4dc2540:1[Keyword:0] Line 6 Column 14 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''=''
| | (INT_LITERAL@Cpp~GCC4=2809#4dc2740^1#4dc2540:2[1] Line 6 Column 16 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)INT_LITERAL
| | )initializer
| |)init_declarator
| |('';''@Cpp~GCC4=2937#4dc2760^1#4dc25a0:3[Keyword:0] Line 6 Column 17 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)'';''
| )simple_declaration
| )statement_seq
| (simple_declaration@Cpp~GCC4=1033#4dc2860^1#4dc2880:2 Line 7 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| (simple_type_specifier@Cpp~GCC4=1109#4dc27c0^1#4dc2860:1 Line 7 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| |(''int''@Cpp~GCC4=2760#4dc2580^1#4dc27c0:1[Keyword:0] Line 7 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''int''
| )simple_type_specifier
| (init_declarator@Cpp~GCC4=1380#4dc2820^1#4dc2860:2 Line 7 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| |(IDENTIFIER@Cpp~GCC4=2645#4dc2720^1#4dc2820:1[`fib''] Line 7 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)IDENTIFIER
| |(initializer@Cpp~GCC4=1639#4dc2800^1#4dc2820:2 Line 7 Column 13 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | (''=''@Cpp~GCC4=2893#4dc27e0^1#4dc2800:1[Keyword:0] Line 7 Column 13 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''=''
| | (INT_LITERAL@Cpp~GCC4=2809#4dc28c0^1#4dc2800:2[0] Line 7 Column 15 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)INT_LITERAL
| |)initializer
| )init_declarator
| ('';''@Cpp~GCC4=2937#4dc28e0^1#4dc2860:3[Keyword:0] Line 7 Column 16 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)'';''
| )simple_declaration
| )statement_seq
| (iteration_statement@Cpp~GCC4=941#4dc3980^1#4dc3920:2 Line 9 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| (''for''@Cpp~GCC4=2749#4dc2840^1#4dc3980:1[Keyword:0] Line 9 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''for''
| (''(''@Cpp~GCC4=2885#4dc28a0^1#4dc3980:2[Keyword:0] Line 9 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''(''
| (simple_declaration@Cpp~GCC4=1033#4dc2a20^1#4dc3980:3 Line 9 Column 11 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| (simple_type_specifier@Cpp~GCC4=1109#4dc2940^1#4dc2a20:1 Line 9 Column 11 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| |(''int''@Cpp~GCC4=2760#4dc2900^1#4dc2940:1[Keyword:0] Line 9 Column 11 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''int''
| )simple_type_specifier
| (init_declarator@Cpp~GCC4=1380#4dc29e0^1#4dc2a20:2 Line 9 Column 15 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| |(IDENTIFIER@Cpp~GCC4=2645#4dc2920^1#4dc29e0:1[`i''] Line 9 Column 15 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)IDENTIFIER
| |(initializer@Cpp~GCC4=1639#4dc29c0^1#4dc29e0:2 Line 9 Column 17 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | (''=''@Cpp~GCC4=2893#4dc2960^1#4dc29c0:1[Keyword:0] Line 9 Column 17 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''=''
| | (INT_LITERAL@Cpp~GCC4=2809#4dc2a40^1#4dc29c0:2[2] Line 9 Column 19 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)INT_LITERAL
| |)initializer
| )init_declarator
| ('';''@Cpp~GCC4=2937#4dc29a0^1#4dc2a20:3[Keyword:0] Line 9 Column 20 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)'';''
| )simple_declaration
| (relational_expression@Cpp~GCC4=684#4dc2b60^1#4dc3980:4 Line 9 Column 22 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| (IDENTIFIER@Cpp~GCC4=2645#4dc2a00^1#4dc2b60:1[`i''] Line 9 Column 22 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)IDENTIFIER
| (''<''@Cpp~GCC4=2899#4dc2a80^1#4dc2b60:2[Keyword:0] Line 9 Column 24 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''<''
| (IDENTIFIER@Cpp~GCC4=2645#4dc2aa0^1#4dc2b60:3[`n''] Line 9 Column 26 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)IDENTIFIER
| )relational_expression
| ('';''@Cpp~GCC4=2937#4dc2b40^1#4dc3980:5[Keyword:0] Line 9 Column 27 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)'';''
| (postfix_expression@Cpp~GCC4=406#4dc2b20^1#4dc3980:6 Line 9 Column 29 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| (IDENTIFIER@Cpp~GCC4=2645#4dc2e60^1#4dc2b20:1[`i''] Line 9 Column 29 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)IDENTIFIER
| (''++''@Cpp~GCC4=2897#4dc2ae0^1#4dc2b20:2[Keyword:0] Line 9 Column 30 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''++''
| )postfix_expression
| ('')''@Cpp~GCC4=2886#4dc2b00^1#4dc3980:7[Keyword:0] Line 9 Column 33 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)'')''
| (compound_statement@Cpp~GCC4=872#4dc38e0^1#4dc3980:8 Line 10 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| (''{''@Cpp~GCC4=2938#4dc2b80^1#4dc38e0:1[Keyword:0] Line 10 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''{''
| (statement_seq@Cpp~GCC4=876#4dc3900^1#4dc38e0:2 Line 11 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| |(statement_seq@Cpp~GCC4=876#4dc2f20^1#4dc3900:1 Line 11 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | (expression_statement@Cpp~GCC4=869#4dc3080^1#4dc2f20:1 Line 11 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | (assignment_expression@Cpp~GCC4=809#4dc33a0^1#4dc3080:1 Line 11 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | (IDENTIFIER@Cpp~GCC4=2645#4dc2ba0^1#4dc33a0:1[`fib''] Line 11 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)IDENTIFIER
| | (''=''@Cpp~GCC4=2893#4dc2bc0^1#4dc33a0:2[Keyword:0] Line 11 Column 13 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''=''
| | (additive_expression@Cpp~GCC4=593#4dc3000^1#4dc33a0:3 Line 11 Column 15 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | |(IDENTIFIER@Cpp~GCC4=2645#4dc2be0^1#4dc3000:1[`fib1''] Line 11 Column 15 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)IDENTIFIER
| | |(''+''@Cpp~GCC4=2902#4dc2e80^1#4dc3000:2[Keyword:0] Line 11 Column 20 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''+''
| | |(IDENTIFIER@Cpp~GCC4=2645#4dc2ea0^1#4dc3000:3[`fib2''] Line 11 Column 22 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)IDENTIFIER
| | )additive_expression
| | )assignment_expression
| | ('';''@Cpp~GCC4=2937#4dc2ec0^1#4dc3080:2[Keyword:0] Line 11 Column 26 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)'';''
| | )expression_statement
| | (expression_statement@Cpp~GCC4=869#4dc2f00^1#4dc2f20:2 Line 12 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | (assignment_expression@Cpp~GCC4=809#4dc3740^1#4dc2f00:1 Line 12 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | (IDENTIFIER@Cpp~GCC4=2645#4dc2ee0^1#4dc3740:1[`fib1''] Line 12 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)IDENTIFIER
| | (''=''@Cpp~GCC4=2893#4dc3400^1#4dc3740:2[Keyword:0] Line 12 Column 14 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''=''
| | (IDENTIFIER@Cpp~GCC4=2645#4dc3340^1#4dc3740:3[`fib2''] Line 12 Column 16 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)IDENTIFIER
| | )assignment_expression
| | ('';''@Cpp~GCC4=2937#4dc2fa0^1#4dc2f00:2[Keyword:0] Line 12 Column 20 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)'';''
| | )expression_statement
| |)statement_seq
| |(expression_statement@Cpp~GCC4=869#4dc2fe0^1#4dc3900:2 Line 13 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | (assignment_expression@Cpp~GCC4=809#4dc3940^1#4dc2fe0:1 Line 13 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| | (IDENTIFIER@Cpp~GCC4=2645#4dc38a0^1#4dc3940:1[`fib2''] Line 13 Column 9 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)IDENTIFIER
| | (''=''@Cpp~GCC4=2893#4dc37a0^1#4dc3940:2[Keyword:0] Line 13 Column 14 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''=''
| | (IDENTIFIER@Cpp~GCC4=2645#4dc3700^1#4dc3940:3[`fib''] Line 13 Column 16 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)IDENTIFIER
| | )assignment_expression
| | ('';''@Cpp~GCC4=2937#4dc38c0^1#4dc2fe0:2[Keyword:0] Line 13 Column 19 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)'';''
| |)expression_statement
| )statement_seq
| (''}''@Cpp~GCC4=2939#4dc2fc0^1#4dc38e0:3[Keyword:0] Line 14 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''}''
| )compound_statement
| )iteration_statement
|)statement_seq
|(jump_statement@Cpp~GCC4=983#4dc3040^1#4dc3060:2 Line 16 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp
| (''return''@Cpp~GCC4=2778#4dc3960^1#4dc3040:1[Keyword:0] Line 16 Column 5 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''return''
| (IDENTIFIER@Cpp~GCC4=2645#4dc3500^1#4dc3040:2[`fib''] Line 16 Column 12 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)IDENTIFIER
| ('';''@Cpp~GCC4=2937#4dc3540^1#4dc3040:3[Keyword:0] Line 16 Column 15 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)'';''
|)jump_statement
)statement_seq
(''}''@Cpp~GCC4=2939#4dc3560^1#4dc39c0:3[Keyword:0] Line 17 Column 1 File C:/temp/fibonacci.cpp)''}''
)compound_statement
)function_definition
)translation_unit
Exiting with final status 0.
C:/DMS/Domains/Cpp/GCC4/Tools/Parser/Source>

DMS puede producir una versión XML de esto.

Para un ejemplo verdaderamente desconcertante de C ++ :

template<bool> struct a_t;
template<> struct a_t<true> {
template<int> struct b {};
};
template<> struct a_t<false> {
enum { b };
};
typedef a_t<sizeof(void*)==sizeof(int)> a;
enum { c, d };
int main() {
a::b<c>d; // declaration or expression?
}

... DMS produce el siguiente árbol, con múltiples interpretaciones de la última declaración (dibujada con Dot; su navegador probablemente tenga una "imagen de vista" para permitirle ver una versión más grande):

Los ejemplos mostrados resultan ser para el dialecto GCC de C ++. DMS también puede analizar Microsoft Visual Studio C ++ (a partir de junio de 2015, maneja C ++ 14, y todo MSVC 2013, estamos verificando la compatibilidad con MSVC 2015).

[Edición de junio de 2018: Ahora maneja C ++ 17. El número de esquinas oscuras en el estándar es simplemente impresionante.]

Obtener un árbol de análisis por sí mismo no es muy útil. También necesita otros artefactos como una tabla de símbolos y datos de control / flujo de datos. El front-end DMS C ++ produce todo esto como atributos de datos accesibles de la herramienta del AST. (Al usar esas tablas de símbolos, el extremo delantero de C ++ resuelve cuál de los subparpeses en el ejemplo anterior es válido y elimina el subárbol no válido).

Answer 2

Clang todavía tiene esa funcionalidad:

Los comandos son -ast-dump y -ast-dump-xml

Nota: -ast-dump-xml solo funcionará cuando construyas el Clang en el modo de depuración.

http://clang.llvm.org/docs/IntroductionToTheClangAST.html

Por ejemplo:

## cat test.cpp
int main()
{
return 0;
}
##clang++ -cc1 -ast-dump-xml test.cpp
<TranslationUnit ptr="0x4e42660">
<Typedef ptr="0x4e42bd0" name="__builtin_va_list" typeptr="0x0">
<PointerType ptr="0x4e42b90" canonical="0x4e42b90">
<BuiltinType ptr="0x4e426f0" canonical="0x4e426f0"/>
</PointerType>
</Typedef>
<Function ptr="0x4e42c70" name="main" returnzero="true" prototype="true">
<FunctionProtoType ptr="0x4e42c20" canonical="0x4e42c20">
<BuiltinType ptr="0x4e42750" canonical="0x4e42750"/>
<parameters/>
</FunctionProtoType>
<Stmt>
CompoundStmt 0x4e42d78 <test.cpp:2:1, line:4:1>
`-ReturnStmt 0x4e42d58 <line:3:1, col:8>
`-IntegerLiteral 0x4e42d38 <col:8> ''int'' 0
</Stmt>
</Function>
</TranslationUnit>

Answer 3

Probablemente la mejor manera es escribir un programa por tu cuenta con libclang . Verifique la documentación de API de libclang , especialmente la parte de introspección AST de C ++ .