instalar - Contraseña para la función de tecla compatible con los comandos de OpenSSL?

openssl pkcs12

Question

Por ejemplo, el comando:

openssl enc -aes-256-cbc -a -in test.txt -k pinkrhino -nosalt -p -out openssl_output.txt

produce algo como:

key = 33D890D33F91D52FC9B405A0DDA65336C3C4B557A3D79FE69AB674BE82C5C3D2
iv = 677C95C475C0E057B739750748608A49

¿Cómo se genera esa clave? (El código C como respuesta sería demasiado impresionante como para preguntar :)) Además, ¿cómo se genera el iv?

Parece una especie de maleficio para mí.

Answer 1

Si alguien está buscando implementar lo mismo en SWIFT, convertí el EVP_BytesToKey la EVP_BytesToKey

 /*
- parameter keyLen: keyLen
- parameter ivLen: ivLen
- parameter digest: digest e.g "md5" or "sha1"
- parameter salt: salt
- parameter data: data
- parameter count: count
- returns: key and IV respectively
*/
open static func evpBytesToKey(_ keyLen:Int, ivLen:Int, digest:String, salt:[UInt8], data:Data, count:Int)-> [[UInt8]] {
let saltData = Data(bytes: UnsafePointer<UInt8>(salt), count: Int(salt.count))
var both = [[UInt8]](repeating: [UInt8](), count: 2)
var key = [UInt8](repeating: 0,count: keyLen)
var key_ix = 0
var iv = [UInt8](repeating: 0,count: ivLen)
var iv_ix = 0
var nkey = keyLen;
var niv = ivLen;
var i = 0
var addmd = 0
var md:Data = Data()
var md_buf:[UInt8]
while true {
addmd = addmd + 1
md.append(data)
md.append(saltData)
if(digest=="md5"){
md = NSData(data:md.md5()) as Data
}else if (digest == "sha1"){
md = NSData(data:md.sha1()) as Data
}
for _ in 1...(count-1){
if(digest=="md5"){
md = NSData(data:md.md5()) as Data
}else if (digest == "sha1"){
md = NSData(data:md.sha1()) as Data
}
}
md_buf = Array (UnsafeBufferPointer(start: md.bytes, count: md.count))
// md_buf = Array(UnsafeBufferPointer(start: md.bytes.bindMemory(to: UInt8.self, capacity: md.count), count: md.length))
i = 0
if (nkey > 0) {
while(true) {
if (nkey == 0){
break
}
if (i == md.count){
break
}
key[key_ix] = md_buf[i];
key_ix = key_ix + 1
nkey = nkey - 1
i = i + 1
}
}
if (niv > 0 && i != md_buf.count) {
while(true) {
if (niv == 0){
break
}
if (i == md_buf.count){
break
}
iv[iv_ix] = md_buf[i]
iv_ix = iv_ix + 1
niv = niv - 1
i = i + 1
}
}
if (nkey == 0 && niv == 0) {
break
}
}
both[0] = key
both[1] = iv
return both
}

Yo uso CryptoSwift para el hash. Esta es una forma mucho más limpia ya que las manzanas no recomiendan OpenSSL en iOS

ACTUALIZACIÓN: Swift 3

Answer 2

Aquí hay una versión para mbedTLS / Polar SSL - probado y en funcionamiento.

typedef int bool;
#define false 0
#define true (!false)
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
static bool EVP_BytesToKey( const unsigned int nDesiredKeyLen, const unsigned char* salt,
const unsigned char* password, const unsigned int nPwdLen,
unsigned char* pOutKey, unsigned char* pOutIV )
{
// This is a re-implemntation of openssl''s password to key & IV routine for mbedtls.
// (See openssl apps/enc.c and /crypto/evp/evp_key.c) It is not any kind of
// standard (e.g. PBKDF2), and it only uses an interation count of 1, so it''s
// pretty crappy. MD5 is used as the digest in Openssl 1.0.2, 1.1 and late
// use SHA256. Since this is for embedded system, I figure you know what you''ve
// got, so I made it compile-time configurable.
//
// The signature has been re-jiggered to make it less general.
//
// See: https://wiki.openssl.org/index.php/Manual:EVP_BytesToKey(3)
// And: https://www.cryptopp.com/wiki/OPENSSL_EVP_BytesToKey
#define IV_BYTE_COUNT 16
#if BTK_USE_MD5
# define DIGEST_BYTE_COUNT 16 // MD5
#else
# define DIGEST_BYTE_COUNT 32 // SHA
#endif
bool bRet;
unsigned char md_buf[ DIGEST_BYTE_COUNT ];
mbedtls_md_context_t md_ctx;
bool bAddLastMD = false;
unsigned int nKeyToGo = nDesiredKeyLen; // 32, typical
unsigned int nIVToGo = IV_BYTE_COUNT;
mbedtls_md_init( &md_ctx );
#if BTK_USE_MD5
int rc = mbedtls_md_setup( &md_ctx, mbedtls_md_info_from_type( MBEDTLS_MD_MD5 ), 0 );
#else
int rc = mbedtls_md_setup( &md_ctx, mbedtls_md_info_from_type( MBEDTLS_MD_SHA256 ), 0 );
#endif
if (rc != 0 )
{
fprintf( stderr, "mbedutils_md_setup() failed -0x%04x/n", -rc );
bRet = false;
goto exit;
}
while( 1 )
{
mbedtls_md_starts( &md_ctx ); // start digest
if ( bAddLastMD == false ) // first time
{
bAddLastMD = true; // do it next time
}
else
{
mbedtls_md_update( &md_ctx, &md_buf[0], DIGEST_BYTE_COUNT );
}
mbedtls_md_update( &md_ctx, &password[0], nPwdLen );
mbedtls_md_update( &md_ctx, &salt[0], 8 );
mbedtls_md_finish( &md_ctx, &md_buf[0] );
//
// Iteration loop here in original removed as unused by "openssl enc"
//
// Following code treats the output key and iv as one long, concatentated buffer
// and smears as much digest across it as is available. If not enough, it takes the
// big, enclosing loop, makes more digest, and continues where it left off on
// the last iteration.
unsigned int ii = 0; // index into mb_buf
if ( nKeyToGo != 0 ) // still have key to fill in?
{
while( 1 )
{
if ( nKeyToGo == 0 ) // key part is full/done
break;
if ( ii == DIGEST_BYTE_COUNT ) // ran out of digest, so loop
break;
*pOutKey++ = md_buf[ ii ]; // stick byte in output key
nKeyToGo--;
ii++;
}
}
if ( nIVToGo != 0 // still have fill up IV
&& // and
ii != DIGEST_BYTE_COUNT // have some digest available
)
{
while( 1 )
{
if ( nIVToGo == 0 ) // iv is full/done
break;
if ( ii == DIGEST_BYTE_COUNT ) // ran out of digest, so loop
break;
*pOutIV++ = md_buf[ ii ]; // stick byte in output IV
nIVToGo--;
ii++;
}
}
if ( nKeyToGo == 0 && nIVToGo == 0 ) // output full, break main loop and exit
break;
} // outermost while loop
bRet = true;
exit:
mbedtls_md_free( &md_ctx );
return bRet;
}

Answer 3

OpenSSL usa la función EVP_BytesToKey . Puede encontrar la llamada en apps/enc.c La utilidad enc utilizaba el resumen de MD5 de forma predeterminada en el Algoritmo de derivación de clave (KDF) si no especificaba un resumen diferente con el argumento -md . Ahora usa SHA-256 de forma predeterminada. Aquí hay un ejemplo de trabajo usando MD5:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <openssl/evp.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
const EVP_CIPHER *cipher;
const EVP_MD *dgst = NULL;
unsigned char key[EVP_MAX_KEY_LENGTH], iv[EVP_MAX_IV_LENGTH];
const char *password = "password";
const unsigned char *salt = NULL;
int i;
OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();
cipher = EVP_get_cipherbyname("aes-256-cbc");
if(!cipher) { fprintf(stderr, "no such cipher/n"); return 1; }
dgst=EVP_get_digestbyname("md5");
if(!dgst) { fprintf(stderr, "no such digest/n"); return 1; }
if(!EVP_BytesToKey(cipher, dgst, salt,
(unsigned char *) password,
strlen(password), 1, key, iv))
{
fprintf(stderr, "EVP_BytesToKey failed/n");
return 1;
}
printf("Key: "); for(i=0; i<cipher->key_len; ++i) { printf("%02x", key[i]); } printf("/n");
printf("IV: "); for(i=0; i<cipher->iv_len; ++i) { printf("%02x", iv[i]); } printf("/n");
return 0;
}

Ejemplo de uso:

gcc b2k.c -o b2k -lcrypto -g
./b2k
Key: 5f4dcc3b5aa765d61d8327deb882cf992b95990a9151374abd8ff8c5a7a0fe08
IV: b7b4372cdfbcb3d16a2631b59b509e94

Que genera la misma clave que esta línea de comando de OpenSSL:

openssl enc -aes-256-cbc -k password -nosalt -p < /dev/null
key=5F4DCC3B5AA765D61D8327DEB882CF992B95990A9151374ABD8FF8C5A7A0FE08
iv =B7B4372CDFBCB3D16A2631B59B509E94

OpenSSL 1.1.0c cambió el algoritmo de resumen utilizado en algunos componentes internos. Anteriormente, se usaba MD5 y 1.1.0 cambiaba a SHA256. Tenga cuidado de que el cambio no le afecte tanto en EVP_BytesToKey como en comandos como openssl enc .