online - url encode php
Codificar/decodificar URL (7)
¿Cuál es la forma recomendada de codificar y decodificar URL completas en Go? url.QueryEscape los métodos url.QueryEscape y url.QueryUnescape , pero no parecen ser exactamente lo que estoy buscando. Específicamente, estoy buscando métodos como encodeURIComponent de JavaScript y decodeURIComponent .
Gracias.
A partir de Go 1.8, esta situación ha cambiado. Ahora tenemos acceso a PathEscape además del QueryEscape más QueryEscape para codificar componentes de ruta, junto con la contraparte de PathUnescape .
Aquí hay una implementación de escape y unescape (arrancada de go source):
package main
import (
"fmt"
"strconv"
)
const (
encodePath encoding = 1 + iota
encodeHost
encodeUserPassword
encodeQueryComponent
encodeFragment
)
type encoding int
type EscapeError string
func (e EscapeError) Error() string {
return "invalid URL escape " + strconv.Quote(string(e))
}
func ishex(c byte) bool {
switch {
case ''0'' <= c && c <= ''9'':
return true
case ''a'' <= c && c <= ''f'':
return true
case ''A'' <= c && c <= ''F'':
return true
}
return false
}
func unhex(c byte) byte {
switch {
case ''0'' <= c && c <= ''9'':
return c - ''0''
case ''a'' <= c && c <= ''f'':
return c - ''a'' + 10
case ''A'' <= c && c <= ''F'':
return c - ''A'' + 10
}
return 0
}
// Return true if the specified character should be escaped when
// appearing in a URL string, according to RFC 3986.
//
// Please be informed that for now shouldEscape does not check all
// reserved characters correctly. See golang.org/issue/5684.
func shouldEscape(c byte, mode encoding) bool {
// §2.3 Unreserved characters (alphanum)
if ''A'' <= c && c <= ''Z'' || ''a'' <= c && c <= ''z'' || ''0'' <= c && c <= ''9'' {
return false
}
if mode == encodeHost {
// §3.2.2 Host allows
// sub-delims = "!" / "$" / "&" / "''" / "(" / ")" / "*" / "+" / "," / ";" / "="
// as part of reg-name.
// We add : because we include :port as part of host.
// We add [ ] because we include [ipv6]:port as part of host
switch c {
case ''!'', ''$'', ''&'', ''/''', ''('', '')'', ''*'', ''+'', '','', '';'', ''='', '':'', ''['', '']'':
return false
}
}
switch c {
case ''-'', ''_'', ''.'', ''~'': // §2.3 Unreserved characters (mark)
return false
case ''$'', ''&'', ''+'', '','', ''/'', '':'', '';'', ''='', ''?'', ''@'': // §2.2 Reserved characters (reserved)
// Different sections of the URL allow a few of
// the reserved characters to appear unescaped.
switch mode {
case encodePath: // §3.3
// The RFC allows : @ & = + $ but saves / ; , for assigning
// meaning to individual path segments. This package
// only manipulates the path as a whole, so we allow those
// last two as well. That leaves only ? to escape.
return c == ''?''
case encodeUserPassword: // §3.2.1
// The RFC allows '';'', '':'', ''&'', ''='', ''+'', ''$'', and '','' in
// userinfo, so we must escape only ''@'', ''/'', and ''?''.
// The parsing of userinfo treats '':'' as special so we must escape
// that too.
return c == ''@'' || c == ''/'' || c == ''?'' || c == '':''
case encodeQueryComponent: // §3.4
// The RFC reserves (so we must escape) everything.
return true
case encodeFragment: // §4.1
// The RFC text is silent but the grammar allows
// everything, so escape nothing.
return false
}
}
// Everything else must be escaped.
return true
}
func escape(s string, mode encoding) string {
spaceCount, hexCount := 0, 0
for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
c := s[i]
if shouldEscape(c, mode) {
if c == '' '' && mode == encodeQueryComponent {
spaceCount++
} else {
hexCount++
}
}
}
if spaceCount == 0 && hexCount == 0 {
return s
}
t := make([]byte, len(s)+2*hexCount)
j := 0
for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
switch c := s[i]; {
case c == '' '' && mode == encodeQueryComponent:
t[j] = ''+''
j++
case shouldEscape(c, mode):
t[j] = ''%''
t[j+1] = "0123456789ABCDEF"[c>>4]
t[j+2] = "0123456789ABCDEF"[c&15]
j += 3
default:
t[j] = s[i]
j++
}
}
return string(t)
}
// unescape unescapes a string; the mode specifies
// which section of the URL string is being unescaped.
func unescape(s string, mode encoding) (string, error) {
// Count %, check that they''re well-formed.
n := 0
hasPlus := false
for i := 0; i < len(s); {
switch s[i] {
case ''%'':
n++
if i+2 >= len(s) || !ishex(s[i+1]) || !ishex(s[i+2]) {
s = s[i:]
if len(s) > 3 {
s = s[:3]
}
return "", EscapeError(s)
}
i += 3
case ''+'':
hasPlus = mode == encodeQueryComponent
i++
default:
i++
}
}
if n == 0 && !hasPlus {
return s, nil
}
t := make([]byte, len(s)-2*n)
j := 0
for i := 0; i < len(s); {
switch s[i] {
case ''%'':
t[j] = unhex(s[i+1])<<4 | unhex(s[i+2])
j++
i += 3
case ''+'':
if mode == encodeQueryComponent {
t[j] = '' ''
} else {
t[j] = ''+''
}
j++
i++
default:
t[j] = s[i]
j++
i++
}
}
return string(t), nil
}
func EncodeUriComponent(rawString string) string{
return escape(rawString, encodeFragment)
}
func DecodeUriCompontent(encoded string) (string, error){
return unescape(encoded, encodeQueryComponent)
}
// https://golang.org/src/net/url/url.go
// http://remove-line-numbers.ruurtjan.com/
func main() {
// http://www.url-encode-decode.com/
origin := "äöüHel/lo world"
encoded := EncodeUriComponent(origin)
fmt.Println(encoded)
s, _ := DecodeUriCompontent(encoded)
fmt.Println(s)
}
// -------------------------------------------------------
/*
func UrlEncoded(str string) (string, error) {
u, err := url.Parse(str)
if err != nil {
return "", err
}
return u.String(), nil
}
// http://.com/questions/13820280/encode-decode-urls
// import "net/url"
func old_main() {
a,err := UrlEncoded("hello world")
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
}
fmt.Println(a)
// https://gobyexample.com/url-parsing
//s := "postgres://user:[email protected]:5432/path?k=v#f"
s := "postgres://user:[email protected]:5432/path?k=vbla%23fooa#f"
u, err := url.Parse(s)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
fmt.Println(u.RawQuery)
fmt.Println(u.Fragment)
fmt.Println(u.String())
m, _ := url.ParseQuery(u.RawQuery)
fmt.Println(m)
fmt.Println(m["k"][0])
}
*/
// -------------------------------------------------------
Desde MDN en encodeURIComponent :
encodeURIComponent escapa a todos los caracteres excepto a los siguientes: alfabético, dígitos decimales,
''-'', ''_'', ''.'', ''!'', ''~'', ''*'', '''''', ''('', '')''
Desde la implementación de Go de url.QueryEscape (específicamente, la función privada shouldEscape ), se escapan todos los caracteres excepto los siguientes: alfabético, dígitos decimales, ''-'', ''_'', ''.'', ''~'' .
A diferencia de Javascript, Go''s QueryEscape () escapará ''!'', ''*'', '''''', ''('', '')'' . Básicamente, la versión de Go es estrictamente compatible con RFC-3986. Javascript es más flexible. Nuevamente desde MDN:
Si se desea ser más estricto al adherirse a RFC 3986 (que se reserva!, '', (,) Y *), aunque estos caracteres no tienen usos de delimitación de URI formalizados, se puede usar de forma segura:
function fixedEncodeURIComponent (str) {
return encodeURIComponent(str).replace(/[!''()]/g, escape).replace(//*/g, "%2A");
}
Para imitar el encodeURIComponent() Javascript, creé una función de ayudante de cadenas.
Ejemplo: convierte "My String" en "My%20String"
https://github.com/mrap/stringutil/blob/master/urlencode.go
import "net/url"
// UrlEncoded encodes a string like Javascript''s encodeURIComponent()
func UrlEncoded(str string) (string, error) {
u, err := url.Parse(str)
if err != nil {
return "", err
}
return u.String(), nil
}
Puede hacer toda la codificación URL que desee con el módulo net/url . No divide las funciones de codificación individuales para las partes de la URL, debe permitir que construya toda la URL. Después de haber esquivado el código fuente, creo que cumple una función muy buena y conforme a los estándares.
Aquí hay un ejemplo ( enlace al patio de recreo )
package main
import (
"fmt"
"net/url"
)
func main() {
var Url *url.URL
Url, err := url.Parse("http://www.example.com")
if err != nil {
panic("boom")
}
Url.Path += "/some/path/or/other_with_funny_characters?_or_not/"
parameters := url.Values{}
parameters.Add("hello", "42")
parameters.Add("hello", "54")
parameters.Add("vegetable", "potato")
Url.RawQuery = parameters.Encode()
fmt.Printf("Encoded URL is %q/n", Url.String())
}
Qué impresiones
Encoded URL is "http://www.example.com/some/path/or/other_with_funny_characters%3F_or_not/?vegetable=potato&hello=42&hello=54"
Qué tal esto:
template.URLQueryEscaper(path)
Si alguien quiere obtener el resultado exacto en comparación con el JS encodeURIComponent Prueba mi función, está sucio pero funciona bien.
https://gist.github.com/czyang/7ae30f4f625fee14cfc40c143e1b78bf
// #Warning! You Should Use this Code Carefully, and As Your Own Risk.
package main
import (
"fmt"
"net/url"
"strings"
)
/*
After hours searching, I can''t find any method can get the result exact as the JS encodeURIComponent function.
In my situation I need to write a sign method which need encode the user input exact same as the JS encodeURIComponent.
This function does solved my problem.
*/
func main() {
params := url.Values{
"test_string": {"+!+''( )*-._~0-👿 👿9a-zA-Z 中文测试 test with ❤️ !@#$%^&&*()~<>?/.,;''[][]:{{}|{}|"},
}
urlEncode := params.Encode()
fmt.Println(urlEncode)
urlEncode = compatibleRFC3986Encode(urlEncode)
fmt.Println("RFC3986", urlEncode)
urlEncode = compatibleJSEncodeURIComponent(urlEncode)
fmt.Println("JS encodeURIComponent", urlEncode)
}
// Compatible with RFC 3986.
func compatibleRFC3986Encode(str string) string {
resultStr := str
resultStr = strings.Replace(resultStr, "+", "%20", -1)
return resultStr
}
// This func mimic JS encodeURIComponent, JS is wild and not very strict.
func compatibleJSEncodeURIComponent(str string) string {
resultStr := str
resultStr = strings.Replace(resultStr, "+", "%20", -1)
resultStr = strings.Replace(resultStr, "%21", "!", -1)
resultStr = strings.Replace(resultStr, "%27", "''", -1)
resultStr = strings.Replace(resultStr, "%28", "(", -1)
resultStr = strings.Replace(resultStr, "%29", ")", -1)
resultStr = strings.Replace(resultStr, "%2A", "*", -1)
return resultStr
}