vb.net - read - vb net excel interop
¿Cómo guardo una cuadrícula de datos para sobresalir en vb.net? (9)
¿Tiene que ser un archivo XLS nativo? Su mejor opción probablemente sea solo exportar los datos a un archivo CSV, que es texto plano y razonablemente fácil de generar. Los CSV se abren en Excel de forma predeterminada para la mayoría de los usuarios, por lo que no sabrán la diferencia.
Sé que esto debería ser fácil, pero ¿cómo puedo exportar / guardar un DataGridView para Excel?
Aquí tenemos un código que usamos para hacerlo en muchas de nuestras aplicaciones. Tenemos un método especial para limpiar la columna "no exportable". Además, no exportamos cols sin encabezados, pero puede ajustar esa lógica a sus necesidades.
Editar: El formateador de código no adora vb.net; puede copiar / pegar en Visual Studio y estará bien.
Public Overloads Shared Function BuildExcel(ByVal gView As System.Web.UI.WebControls.GridView) As String
PrepareGridViewForExport(gView)
Dim excelDoc As New StringBuilder
Dim startExcelXML As String = " " + _
" " + _
" " + _
" " + _
" " + _
" " + _
" " + _
" " + _
" "
Dim endExcelXML As String = ""
Dim rowCount As Int64 = 0
Dim sheetCount As Int16 = 1
excelDoc.Append(startExcelXML)
excelDoc.Append("")
excelDoc.Append("")
'' write out column headers
excelDoc.Append("")
For x As Int32 = 0 To gView.Columns.Count - 1
''Only write out columns that have column headers.
If Not gView.Columns(x).HeaderText = String.Empty Then
excelDoc.Append("")
excelDoc.Append(gView.Columns(x).HeaderText.ToString)
excelDoc.Append("")
End If
Next
excelDoc.Append("")
For r As Int32 = 0 To gView.Rows.Count - 1
rowCount += rowCount
If rowCount = 64000 Then
rowCount = 0
sheetCount += sheetCount
excelDoc.Append("")
excelDoc.Append(" ")
excelDoc.Append("")
excelDoc.Append("")
End If
excelDoc.Append("")
For c As Int32 = 0 To gView.Rows(r).Cells.Count - 1
''Don''t write out a column without a column header.
If Not gView.Columns(c).HeaderText = String.Empty Then
Dim XMLstring As String = gView.Rows(r).Cells(c).Text
XMLstring = XMLstring.Trim()
XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace("&", "&")
XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace(">", ">")
XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace("" + "")
excelDoc.Append(XMLstring)
excelDoc.Append("")
End If
Next
excelDoc.Append("")
Next
excelDoc.Append("")
excelDoc.Append(" ")
excelDoc.Append(endExcelXML)
Return excelDoc.ToString
End Function
Shared Sub PrepareGridViewForExport(ByVal gview As System.Web.UI.Control)
'' Cleans up grid for exporting. Takes links and visual elements and turns them into text.
Dim lb As New System.Web.UI.WebControls.LinkButton
Dim l As New System.Web.UI.WebControls.Literal
Dim name As String = String.Empty
For i As Int32 = 0 To gview.Controls.Count - 1
If TypeOf gview.Controls(i) Is System.Web.UI.WebControls.LinkButton Then
l.Text = CType(gview.Controls(i), System.Web.UI.WebControls.LinkButton).Text
gview.Controls.Remove(gview.Controls(i))
gview.Controls.AddAt(i, l)
ElseIf TypeOf gview.Controls(i) Is System.Web.UI.WebControls.DropDownList Then
l.Text = CType(gview.Controls(i), System.Web.UI.WebControls.DropDownList).SelectedItem.Text
gview.Controls.Remove(gview.Controls(i))
gview.Controls.AddAt(i, l)
ElseIf TypeOf gview.Controls(i) Is System.Web.UI.WebControls.CheckBox Then
l.Text = CType(gview.Controls(i), System.Web.UI.WebControls.CheckBox).Checked.ToString
gview.Controls.Remove(gview.Controls(i))
gview.Controls.AddAt(i, l)
End If
If gview.Controls(i).HasControls() Then
PrepareGridViewForExport(gview.Controls(i))
End If
Next
End Sub
Pruébelo, es un toque más simple que Brendans, pero no como "rico en funciones":
Protected Sub btnExport_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs)
''Export to excel
Response.Clear()
Response.Buffer = True
Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel"
Response.Charset = ""
Me.EnableViewState = False
Dim oStringWriter As System.IO.StringWriter = New System.IO.StringWriter
Dim oHtmlTextWriter As System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter = New System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(oStringWriter)
Me.ClearControls(gvSearchTerms)
gvSearchTerms.RenderControl(oHtmlTextWriter)
Response.Write(oStringWriter.ToString)
Response.End()
End Sub
Private Sub ClearControls(ByVal control As Control)
Dim i As Integer = (control.Controls.Count - 1)
Do While (i >= 0)
ClearControls(control.Controls(i))
i = (i - 1)
Loop
If Not (TypeOf control Is TableCell) Then
If (Not (control.GetType.GetProperty("SelectedItem")) Is Nothing) Then
Dim literal As LiteralControl = New LiteralControl
control.Parent.Controls.Add(literal)
Try
literal.Text = CType(control.GetType.GetProperty("SelectedItem").GetValue(control, Nothing), String)
Catch ex As System.Exception
End Try
control.Parent.Controls.Remove(control)
ElseIf (Not (control.GetType.GetProperty("Text")) Is Nothing) Then
Dim literal As LiteralControl = New LiteralControl
control.Parent.Controls.Add(literal)
literal.Text = CType(control.GetType.GetProperty("Text").GetValue(control, Nothing), String)
control.Parent.Controls.Remove(control)
End If
End If
Return
End Sub
Public Overrides Sub VerifyRenderingInServerForm(ByVal control As Control)
Return
End Sub
Podría usar cristal ya que está integrado en VS. Predefina un informe de cristal con las columnas apropiadas y luego puede usar cualquier fuente de datos que use para una cuadrícula de datos o una vista de cuadrícula.
Dim report_source As CrystalDecisions.Web.CrystalReportSource
report_source.ReportDocument.SetDataSource(dt) ''DT IS A DATATABLE
report_source.Report.FileName = "test.rpt"
report_source.ReportDocument.Refresh()
report_source.ReportDocument.ExportToDisk(CrystalDecisions.Shared.ExportFormatType.Excel, "c:/test.xls")
Advertiría de nuevo haciendo un ciclo doble para extraer los datos de cada celda de datos y escribirlos individualmente en una celda de Excel. En su lugar, use una matriz de objetos 2D y recorra su cuadrícula de datos guardando allí todos sus datos. Luego podrá establecer un rango de Excel igual a esa matriz de objetos 2D.
Esto será varios órdenes de magnitud más rápido que escribir Excel celda por celda. Algunos informes en los que he estado trabajando que solían tomar dos horas simplemente para exportar se han reducido a menos de un minuto.
Configuré el gridview y luego usé el objeto html text writer para escupirlo en un archivo .xls, así:
Protected Sub Page_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Me.Load
''get the select command of the gridview
sqlGridview.SelectCommand = Session("strSql")
gvCompaniesExport.DataBind()
lblTemp.Text = Session("strSql")
''do the export
doExport()
''close the window
Dim closeScript As String = "<script language=''javascript''> window.close() </scri"
closeScript = closeScript & "pt>"
''split the ending script tag across a concatenate to keep it from causing problems
''this will write it to the asp.net page and fire it off, closing the window
Page.RegisterStartupScript("closeScript", closeScript)
End Sub
Public Sub doExport()
Response.AddHeader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename=IndianaCompanies.xls")
Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel"
Response.Charset = ""
Me.EnableViewState = False
Dim objStrWriter As New System.IO.StringWriter
Dim objHtmlTextWriter As New System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(objStrWriter)
''Get the gridview HTML from the control
gvCompaniesExport.RenderControl(objHtmlTextWriter)
''writes the dg info
Response.Write(objStrWriter.ToString())
Response.End()
End Sub
Puede usar esta biblioteca para obtener un formato más detallado
http://www.carlosag.net/Tools/ExcelXmlWriter/
Hay muestras en la página.
Uso esto todo el tiempo:
public static class GridViewExtensions
{
public static void ExportToExcel(this GridView gridView, string fileName, IEnumerable<string> excludeColumnNames)
{
//Prepare Response
HttpContext.Current.Response.Clear();
HttpContext.Current.Response.AddHeader("content-disposition",
string.Format("attachment; filename={0}", fileName));
HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter())
{
using (HtmlTextWriter htw = new HtmlTextWriter(sw))
{
// Create a table to contain the grid
Table table = new Table();
// include the gridline settings
table.GridLines = gridView.GridLines;
// add the header row to the table
if (gridView.HeaderRow != null)
{
PrepareControlForExport(gridView.HeaderRow);
table.Rows.Add(gridView.HeaderRow);
}
// add each of the data rows to the table
foreach (GridViewRow row in gridView.Rows)
{
PrepareControlForExport(row);
table.Rows.Add(row);
}
// add the footer row to the table
if (gridView.FooterRow != null)
{
PrepareControlForExport(gridView.FooterRow);
table.Rows.Add(gridView.FooterRow);
}
// Remove unwanted columns (header text listed in removeColumnList arraylist)
foreach (DataControlField column in gridView.Columns)
{
if (excludeColumnNames != null && excludeColumnNames.Contains(column.HeaderText))
{
column.Visible = false;
}
}
// render the table into the htmlwriter
table.RenderControl(htw);
// render the htmlwriter into the response
HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(sw.ToString());
HttpContext.Current.Response.End();
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Replace any of the contained controls with literals
/// </summary>
/// <param name="control"></param>
private static void PrepareControlForExport(Control control)
{
for (int i = 0; i < control.Controls.Count; i++)
{
Control current = control.Controls[i];
if (current is LinkButton)
{
control.Controls.Remove(current);
control.Controls.AddAt(i, new LiteralControl((current as LinkButton).Text));
}
else if (current is ImageButton)
{
control.Controls.Remove(current);
control.Controls.AddAt(i, new LiteralControl((current as ImageButton).AlternateText));
}
else if (current is HyperLink)
{
control.Controls.Remove(current);
control.Controls.AddAt(i, new LiteralControl((current as HyperLink).Text));
}
else if (current is DropDownList)
{
control.Controls.Remove(current);
control.Controls.AddAt(i, new LiteralControl((current as DropDownList).SelectedItem.Text));
}
else if (current is CheckBox)
{
control.Controls.Remove(current);
control.Controls.AddAt(i, new LiteralControl((current as CheckBox).Checked ? "True" : "False"));
}
if (current.HasControls())
{
PrepareControlForExport(current);
}
}
}
}
Primera biblioteca COM Importar Objeto Microsoft Excel
Código de muestra:
Public Sub exportOfficePCandWorkstation(ByRef mainForm As Form1, ByVal Location As String, ByVal WorksheetName As String)
Dim xlApp As New Excel.Application
Dim xlWorkBook As Excel.Workbook
Dim xlWorkSheet As Excel.Worksheet
Dim misValue As Object = System.Reflection.Missing.Value
Dim Header(23) As String
Dim HeaderCell(23) As String
Header = {"No.", "PC Name", "User", "E-mail", "Department/Location", "CPU Model", "CPU Processor", "CPU Speed", "CPU HDD#1", "CPU HDD#2", "CPU Memory", "CPU OS", "CPU Asset Tag", "CPU MAC Address", "Monitor 1 Model", "Monitor Serial Number", "Monitor2 Model", "Monitor2 Serial Number", "Office", "Wi-LAN", "KVM Switch", "Attachment", "Remarks", "Date and Time"}
HeaderCell = {"A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W", "X"}
xlWorkBook = xlApp.Workbooks.Add
xlWorkSheet = xlWorkBook.Sheets("Sheet1")
xlWorkSheet.Name = WorksheetName
xlApp.Visible = True
xlWorkSheet.Application.ActiveWindow.SplitRow = 1
xlWorkSheet.Application.ActiveWindow.SplitColumn = 3
xlWorkSheet.Application.ActiveWindow.FreezePanes = True
With xlWorkSheet
For count As Integer = 0 To 23
.Range(HeaderCell(count) & 1).Value = Header(count)
Next
With .Range("A1:X1")
.Interior.Color = 1
With .Font
.Size = 16
.ColorIndex = 2
.Name = "Times New Roman"
End With
End With
For i = 0 To mainForm.DataGridView1.RowCount - 1
For j = 0 To mainForm.DataGridView1.ColumnCount - 1
If mainForm.DataGridView1(j, i).Value.ToString = "System.Byte[]" Then
xlWorkSheet.Cells(i + 2, j + 2) = "Attached"
Else
xlWorkSheet.Cells(i + 2, j + 2) = mainForm.DataGridView1(j, i).Value.ToString()
End If
Next
.Range("A" & i + 2).Value = (i + 1).ToString
Next
With .Range("A:Z")
.EntireColumn.AutoFit()
End With
With .Range("B2:X" & mainForm.DataGridView1.RowCount + 1)
.HorizontalAlignment = Excel.XlVAlign.xlVAlignJustify
End With
With .Range("A1:A" & mainForm.DataGridView1.RowCount + 1)
.HorizontalAlignment = Excel.XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter
End With
''-----------------------------------Insert Border Lines--------------------------------------
With .Range("A1:X" & mainForm.DataGridView1.RowCount + 1)
With .Borders(Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeLeft)
.LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlDouble
.ColorIndex = 0
.TintAndShade = 0
.Weight = Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThin
End With
With .Borders(Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop)
.LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous
.ColorIndex = 0
.TintAndShade = 0
.Weight = Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThin
End With
With .Borders(Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeBottom)
.LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous
.ColorIndex = 0
.TintAndShade = 0
.Weight = Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThin
End With
With .Borders(Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeRight)
.LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous
.ColorIndex = 0
.TintAndShade = 0
.Weight = Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThin
End With
With .Borders(Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideVertical)
.LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous
.ColorIndex = 0
.TintAndShade = 0
.Weight = Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThin
End With
With .Borders(Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideHorizontal)
.LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous
.ColorIndex = 0
.TintAndShade = 0
.Weight = Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThin
End With
End With
End With
xlWorkSheet.SaveAs(Location)
xlWorkBook.Close()
xlApp.Quit()
MsgBox("Export Record successful", MsgBoxStyle.Information, "Export to Excel")
End Sub
Uso SaveFileDialog para crear Excel en la ubicación específica